eye on society

Applying the Concepts and Methods of Organisational Psychology to Society


Listed below are relevant publications and articles which may be download in pdf or Word format or ordered from or viewed directly from the publisher or a publication aggregator site. In some instances it is also possible to download separate pdf versions of the diagrams used in an article. If you do not have Adobe Reader installed to view the pdf files you can download it here.

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This is not a complete list of Dr Raven's publications. A more complete list will be found at www.johnraven.co.uk

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Authors
Year
Article Title
Publication, Volume and Page No.s
Publisher
Order/View on-line at Publisher or Aggregator
Downloads
Raven. J., (2009). Crisis, What Crisis?

Unpublished

(Not final version - still contains editorial comments)

    pdf download
Raven. J., (2009). Conceptualising and Mapping Social Forces Unpublished     pdf download
Raven. J., (2009). Advancing and Defeating the PEGS Agenda Socio-Cybernetics and Murray Bookchin Unpublished     pdf download
Raven. J., (2009). Response to Billington Working with Children: Psychologists at the boundaries of knowledge and experience
The Psychology of Education Review
33 No. 2, September 2009
,
15 - 18.
    pdf download
Raven. J., (2009). Psychologists and Sustainability Unpublished     pdf download
Raven. J., (2009). How are we to understand and map the network of social forces behind the autopoietic processes which appear to be heading our species toward extinction, carrying the planet as we know it with us – and how are we to design a more effective socio-cybernetic system for societal management? Unpublished     pdf download
Raven, J., (2009)., The Emergence of Hierarchy, Domination and Centralisation: Reflections on the Work of Murray Bookchin
Revised version of that published in Journal for Perspectives of Economic, Political, and Social Integration, 14(1-2)
11-75.
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski, Lublin, Poland.   pdf download
Raven. J., (2008). Book Review: Hattie, John A.C. (2009). VISIBLE LEARNING: A synthesis of over 800 meta-analyses relating to achievement. London, England, Routledge: Taylor & Francis. Pp378 Unpublished     pdf download
Court . J H., (2008). From normal curve to slippery slope
Testing International, 19,
12-13.
    pdf download
Raven. J., (2008). Some comments prompted by John Seddon’s book “Systems Thinking in the Public Sector: the failure of the reform regime – and a manifesto for a better way” Unpublished     pdf download
Raven. J., (2008). Fundamental Problems in Psychometrics
Testing International, 19,
16-17.
  View on-line pdf download
Raven, J., (2008). Creating a Learning Society: What have organisational Psychologists to offer?,     View on-line  
Raven, J., (2008)., Normative Data from the Standardisation of Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices in Kuwait in an International Context

Previously published verion in 2005 Social Behaviour and Personality: An International Journal, 34(2)
169-180.

WebPsychEmpiricist. http://www.wpe.info/papers_table.html View on-line  
Fugard, A. & Raven, J., (2008)., What’s Wrong with Factor-Analysing Tests Conforming to the Requirements of Item Response Theory? Unpublished     pdf download
Raven, J., Raven .J. (eds) (2008). Uses and Abuses of Intelligence: Studies Advancing Spearman and Raven's Quest for Non-Arbitrary Metrics.   Unionville, New York: Royal Fireworks Press; Edinburgh, Scotland: Competency Motivation Project;
Budapest, Hungary: EDGE 2000; Cluj Napoca, Romania: Romanian Psychological Testing Services SRL.
Order from Publisher  
    Chapters        
    PART I:
Introduction to the Raven Progressive Matrices Tests: Conceptual Basis, Measurement Model, and a Few Findings
    pdf download
    Chapter 1
General Introduction and Overview: The Raven Progressive Matrices Tests: Their Theoretical Basis and Measurement Model. - John Raven
    pdf download
    Chapter 2
Linking Psychometric and Cognitive-Developmental Frameworks for Thinking About Intellectual Functioning. - Irene Styles
    pdf download
    PART II:
Practical Measurement Issues: Lessons From 75 Years’ Work With Item Response Theory: Benefi ts, Problems, and Potential Solutions.
    pdf download
    Chapter 3
The Need for, and Development of, the SPM Plus. - John Raven
    pdf download
    Chapter 4
The Romanian Standardisation of the SPM Plus: Sample and General Results. - Anca Dobrean, John Raven, Mircea Comsa, Camelia Rusu and Robert Balazsi
    pdf download
    Chapter 5
Using the Romanian Data to Replicate the IRT-Based Item Analysis of the SPM+: Striking Achievements, Pitfalls, and Lessons. - John Raven, Joerg Prieler and Michael Benesch
    pdf download
    Chapter 6
Lessons Learned while Developing a Romanian Version of the Mill Hill Vocabulary Test. - John Raven
    pdf download
    Chapter 7
Problems in the Measurement of Change (With Particular Reference to Individual Change [Gain] Scores) and Their Potential Solution Using IRT. - Joerg Prieler and John Raven
    pdf download
    PART III:
Stability and Change in RPM Norms Across Time and Culture
    pdf download
    Chapter 8
Change and Stability in RPM Scores Over Culture and Time: The Story at the Turn of the Century. - John Raven
    pdf download
    Chapter 9
Does the “Flynn Effect” Invalidate the Interpretation Placed on Most of the Data Previously Believed to Show a Decline in Intellectual Abilities with Age? - Francis Van Dam and John Raven
    pdf download
    Chapter 10
The Standardisation of all the Main Raven Progressive Matrices Tests in Slovenia. - Dusica Boben
    pdf download
    Chapter 11
The Lithuanian Standardisation of the Coloured Progressive Matrices in an International Context. - Gražina Gintilienė, Dovilė Butkienė and John Raven
    pdf download
    Chapter 12
The Standard Progressive Matrices in Turkey. - N. Ekrem Duzen, Nail Sahin, John Raven and C. Jean Raven
    pdf download
    Chapter 13
Kuwaiti norms for the Classic SPM in an International Context - Ahmed Abdel-Khalek and John Raven
    pdf download
    Chapter 14
The Coloured Progressive Matrices in South Africa. - Adien Linstrom, John Raven and Jean Raven in collaboration with Jopie van Rooyen and Partners
    pdf download
    Chapter 15
Raven’s Standard and Advanced Progressive Matrices among Adults in South Africa. - Nicola Taylor
    pdf download
    Chapter 16
Standard Progressive Matrices Norms for Indian Tribal Areas. - C. G. Deshpande and V. Patwardhan
    pdf download
    Chapter 17
The Standard Progressive Matrices in Pakistan - Riaz Ahmad, Sarwat J. Khanam and Zaeema Riaz
    pdf download
    PART IV
Outstanding Conceptual and Measurement Issues
    pdf download
    Chapter 18
Asian Americans: Achievement Well Beyond IQ - Jim Flynn
    pdf download
    Chapter 19
Intelligence, Engineered Invisibility, and the Destruction of Life on Earth. - John Raven
    pdf download
    Chapter 20
Psychometrics, Cognitive Ability, and Occupational Performance. - John Raven
    pdf download
    PART V:
Emerging Applications
    pdf download
    Chapter 21
Predicting Driver Behaviour. - Joerg Prieler
    pdf download
    Chapter 22
Detection of Malingering on Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices: A Cross-Validation - R. Kim McKinzey, Marvin H. Podd, Mary Ann Krehbiel and John Raven
    pdf download
    Chapter 23
Detection of Children’s Malingering on Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices. - R. Kim McKinzey, Joerg Prieler and John Raven
    pdf download
    PART VI:
Some Outstanding Ethical Issues
    pdf download
    Chapter 24
Too Dumb to Die: Mental Retardation Meets the Death Penalty. - R. Kim McKinzey
    pdf download
    Chapter 25
Excerpts from How to Defend Humane Ideals. - Jim Flynn
    pdf download
    Chapter 26
Social Cage (Socio-Economic Status and Intelligence in Hungary). - Balazs Klein, Sandor Klein, Kalman Joubert and Gyula Gyenis
    pdf download
Raven, J. (2007). 100 unethical acts which we commit every day, Unpublished     pdf download
Raven, J. (2007). Some mysteries in the short-term evolution of individual and collective intelligence.
In G. de Zeeuw, M. Vahl, & E. Mennuti (Eds.), Problems of Individual Emergence. Special Issue of Systemica: Journal of the Dutch Systems Group 14, nos. 1-6
373-376

No PDF of the published version is available but a PDF of the draft version of the paper can be obtained by clicking on the pdf button to the right

Lincoln Research Centre, Globe Farm, Lincoln, LN1 2SQ, UK.  

pdf download
Draft version

Raven, J. (2007). Some problems of individual emergence.
In G. de Zeeuw, M. Vahl, & E. Mennuti, (Eds.), Problems of Individual Emergence. Special Issue of Systemica: Journal of the Dutch Systems Group 14, nos. 1-6
377- 396

No PDF of the published version is available but a PDF of the draft version of the paper can be obtained by clicking on the pdf button to the right

Lincoln Research Centre, Globe Farm, Lincoln, LN1 2SQ, UK.  

pdf download
Draft version

Diagram

Raven, J. (2007). Creating a Future for Homo Sapiens: Transforming the Educational System and Society Unpublished    

pdf download

Schivone, G. M. (2007). The Responsibility of Intellectuals Noam Chomsky Interviewed by Gabriel Matthew Schivone, June 25, 2007 Published in ZNet,
16 August 2007
    pdf download
Raven, J. (2006). A 90 minute webcast of a talk Dr. Raven gave on "The Flynn Effect" at the University of Minnesota in December 2006. Video   View on-line  
Raven, J., Raven, J.C. & Court, J.H.   Manual for Raven's Progressive Matrices and Mill Hill Vocabulary Scales.   San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation. Order from Publisher  
Raven, J. (2006). Contributions to Psychological and Psychometric Theory arising from studies with Raven's Progressive Matrices and Vocabulary Scales Unpublished     pdf download
Raven, J. (2006). Comment - Papierno and Ceci Miss the Point Unpublished

Edited version published as Raven, J. (2005). More Problems with Gap Closing Philosophy and Research. American Psychologist 60, 1035-1043.

   

pdf download

Raven, J. (2006). The Crisis in Urban Education: Resisting Neoliberal Policies and Forging Democratic Possibilities Educational Review, May 2006     pdf download
Raven, J. (2006). Designing a Learning Society. Proceedings of Deming Learning Network conference on Society in Sync, Aberdeen, February 2006.   View on-line  
Raven, J.  (2006). Psychologists and the Government Consultation on “Extreme Pornographic Material” Unpublished     pdf download
Raven, J.  (2006). Toward a Sustainable Society: Next Steps. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Linking Systems Thinking, Innovation, Quality, Entrepreneurship and Environment. (STIQE) 2006. Faculty of Economics and Business, Maribor, Slovenia View on-line pdf download
Marks, N., Simms, A., Thompson, S., & Abdallah, S. (2006). The (Un)happy Planet Index: An Index of Human Well-being and Environmental Impact. London: New Economics Foundation. Downloadable from www.neweconomics.org and www.happyplanetindex.org  

Order from Publisher

View on-line

 
Raven, J.  (2006). Undesirable Human Traits . Unpublished   pdf download
Raven, J. (2005). Ability, Science, and Ethics Unpublished    

pdf download

Raven, J. (2005). Derailing the statutory regulation train. The Psychologist,
18,

338.
     
Raven, J. (2005). Lethal intelligence. The Psychologist,
18,

68.
     
Raven, J. (2005). Liberal Education and Liberalism in Modern Society, The Good Society,
14(3),
29-37.
Pennsylvania State University. Order from Publisher

pdf download

Word download

Raven, J. (2005). More Problems with Gap Closing Philosophy and Research.

American Psychologist 60,
1035-1043.

     
Raven, J. (2003). On the Need to Record Contributions to the Continued Development of Psychology (CDP) Instead of Continued Professional Development (CPD) Unpublished

Published version
Raven, J.  (2003)., CPD - What should we be developing?  The Psychologist, 16(7), 360-362.

   

pdf download

Word download

Rees, W. E. (2002). Globalization and Sustainability: Conflict or Convergence? Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society,
22 (4),

249-268.
SAGE Publications. Order from Publisher  
Raven, J. (2002). Implications of the Case Studies of Creative People for Psychometrics, American Psychologist,
57 (5).
374-375.
  Order from Publisher pdf download
Raven, J. (8 Oct 1998 modified 4 Nov 2002). Reflections on the Birmingham TOES or We have a public management problem not an economic problem Unpublished    

pdf download

Word download

Raven, J. (2002). Spearman's Raven Legacy, Testing International,
12 (2),

7-10.
  View on-line

pdf download

Raven, J. & Stephenson, J. (Eds.). (2001). Competence in the Learning Society. Book Peter Lang. Order from Publisher  
    Selected Chapters        
    Chapter 1 Learning Societies, Learning Organisations, and Learning: Their Implications For Competence, Its Development, and Its Assessment     pdf download
    Chapter 6 The pernicious effects of incompetence on society, education, and assessment      
    Chapter 9 The McBer Competency Framework     pdf download
    Chapter 12 Issues raised by the studies of competence      
    Chapter 15 The McClelland/McBer Competency Models     pdf download
    Chapter 17 The Conceptualisation of Competence     pdf download
    Chapter 18 Facilitating the Development of Competence     pdf download
    Chapter 23 Some Barriers to the Introduction of Competency-Based Education     pdf download
    Chapter 28 The Assessment of Competence     pdf download
Raven, J. &  Navrotsky, V. (2001). The Development and Use of maps of Socio-Cybernetic Systems to Improve Educational and Social Policy, with particular reference to sustainability, Journal of Mental Changes,
7 (1-2) ,
19-60.
  Order from Publisher. pdf download
Diagrams:
20.4,
20.5
,
20.6,

Figure XXX

Boxes 1-6, 8 & 9
Raven, J. (2001). Poisonous Paradigms: Unethical Procedures and Injunctions at the Heart of Psychology Unpublished     pdf download
Raven, J.  (2001). Psychologists and Sustainability. The American Psychologist.
56,

455-457.
    pdf download
Raven, J. (2000). Beyond the 3Rs: Achieving and evaluating the wider goals of education., A slightly edited version of this paper was published in:S. Gerjolj, J. Kolenc, B. Novak, & M. Novak, Clovek in Kurikul (pp. 33-57). Druzina, Ljubljana: Zbornik Predavanj.     pdf download
Raven, J. (2000). Ethical Dilemmas Updated version originally published in The Psychologist,
13(8)
,
404–406
    pdf download
Raven, J. (2000). The Raven’s Progressive Matrices: Change and stability over culture and time. Cognitive Psychology,
41,

1-48.
 Elsevier. Order from Publisher pdf download
Raven, J. (2000). Rethinking democracy. The Good Society (Journal of the Committee on the Political Economy of the Good Society [PEGS]),
9(3),
31–37.
    pdf download
Raven, J. (2000). Psychometrics, cognitive ability, and occupational performance, Review of Psychology,
7 (1-2),
51-74.
    pdf download
Raven, J. (1998). The Conceptualisation of Competence Unpublished     pdf download
Raven, J. (1998). "Learning Societies", "Learning Organisations", and "Learning" - and their implications for concepts of competence, its development, and its assessment Unpublished     pdf download
Raven, J. (1998). Professional Competence: Its Nature, Development, and Assessment Present Perspectives and Future Issues Unpublished     pdf download
Raven, J. (1998). Psychology, Economics, and the Public Welfare Unpublished    

pdf download

Word download

Raven, J. (1997). Can we discuss policy if nothing is what it seems to be? Journal for Mental Changes,
III(1)

85-103.
  Order from Publisher pdf download
Raven, J. (1997). Educational research, ethics and the BPS. Starter paper and peer reviews by P. Mortimore, J. Demetre, R. Stainthope, Y. Reynolds and G. Lindsay. Education Section Review,
21(2),

3-26.
     
Raven, J. (1997). J. C. Raven and Contemporary Psychology, The Bulletin - Newsletter of the Scottish Branch of the British Psychological Society,
12-21.
    pdf download
Raven, J. (1997). Open Dialogue: Education, Educational Research, Ethics and the BPS, BPS Education Section Review,
21 (2),
3-26.
    pdf download
Court, J.H.  (1995). A Researcher's Bibliography for Raven's Progressive Matrices and Mill Hill Vocabulary Scales. CD Available on CD from Harcourt Assessment, TX. Order from Publisher  
Raven, J (1995). Managing society: The past belonged to economists: The future belongs to psychologists.
Journal of Mental Changes,
1(2),

7¬46.
     
Raven, J.  (1995). The New Wealth of Nations: A New Enquiry into the Nature and Origins of the Wealth of Nations and the Societal Learning Arrangements Required for a Sustainable Society. Book

US: Royal Fireworks Press

UK: Bloomfield Books.

Order from Publisher  
    Selected Chapters        
   

Chapter 1

Introduction and Overview,    

pdf download

   

Chapter 2

The State of the World: The Environment, Population, International Debt and Interest,Status of the Social Fabric,    

pdf download

   

Chapter 3

Preliminary Observations on the Nature of Modern Societies, Wealth, and Wealth Creation,    

pdf download

   

Chapter 4

Some Observations On Money,    

pdf download

   

Chapter 5

Some Observations On Prices,    

pdf download

   

Chapter 6

The Marketplace and Classic Economic Indicators,    

pdf download

   

Chapter 7

Manufacturing, Wealth, Money, and Management,    

pdf download

   

Chapter 8

Our Misplaced Faith In Market Processes,    

pdf download

   

Chapter 9

Privatisation,    

pdf download

   

Chapter 10

The Covert Reasons For Privatisation,    

pdf download

   

Chapter 11

Has There Been A Conspiracy?,    

pdf download

   

Chapter 16

Adequacy Of Democracy,    

pdf download

   

Chapter 17

The Critique Summarised and an Introduction to, and Overview of, Part IV: The Way Forward,    

pdf download

   

Chapter 19

Running Modern Society Effectively: An Overview,    

pdf download

   

Chapter 20

Using Systems Diagrams to Guide Social Action.    

pdf download

   

Chapter 21

Creating a Pervasive Climate of Innovation,    

pdf download

   

Chapter 22

Public Participation and Network Management,    

pdf download

   

Chapter 23

A New Understanding of Democracy,    

pdf download

   

Chapter 24

Arrangements for Policy Evaluation and Improvement,    

pdf download

    Notes       pdf download
    References       pdf download
Raven, J. (1995). The Universities, the development of competence and public policy, Capability Volume,
1 (3),

3-6
  View on-line pdf download
Raven, J. and Sime, J. (1994). The Computerised Edinburgh Questionnaires.  

Edinburgh: Competency Motivation Project,
30 Great King Street., Edinburgh EH3 6QH.

Order from Publisher  
Raven, J. (1994). School Improvement Kit: Pilot Version.   Edinburgh: Competency Motivation Project,
30 Great King Street., Edinburgh EH3 6QH.
   
Raven, J.  (1994). Managing Education for Effective Schooling: The Most Important Problem is to Come to Terms with Values. Book Trillium Press. .Order from Publisher  
    Selected Chapters        
    Chapter 1 Overview     pdf download
    Chapter 7 Why do schools neglect their main goals?     pdf download
    Chapter 8 The internal organisation of the system     pdf download
    Chapter 9 The Role And Function Of Public Sector Bureaucracy And Its Interface With The Public     pdf download
    Chapter 10 The organisation and facilitation of research     pdf download
    Chapter 11 The way forward     pdf download
    References       pdf download
Raven, J. (1994). Some limitations of the standards. Evaluation and Program Planning,
7,
363-370.
  Order from Publisher  
Raven, J. (1993). Managing Society: The Past Belonged To Economists: The Future Belongs To Psychologists, Protection of the Environment,
521-563.
Fundacja Srodkowoeuropejskie Centrum Ekonomii Dzialania Spolecznego, Lublin, POLOGNE. Order from Publisher. pdf download
Raven, J. (1992). A model of competence, motivation, and behavior and a paradigm for assessment.
In H. Berlak, F.M. Newmann, E. Adams, D.A. Archbald, T. Burgess, J. Raven and T.A. Romberg, Toward a New Science of Educational Testing and Assessment.
Albany NY: SUNY Press.    
Raven, J. (1992). Democracy Bureaucracy and the Psychologist Unpublished     pdf download
Raven, J. (1992). The Crisis in Education, Anthropological Notebooks (2000),
VI (1),
20-38,
Slovene Anthropological Society. Order from Publisher.

pdf download

Raven, J.  (1991). The Tragic Illusion: Educational Testing. Book Trillium Press. Order from Publisher  
Raven, J. (1991). The Wider Goals of Education: Beyond the 3 R's, The Educational Forum,
55 (4),
343-363.
   

pdf download

Raven, J. (1990). Images of Organizations - Book review, Higher Education Review,
22,
82-85.
    pdf download
Raven, J. (1990). The barriers to achieving the wider goals of general education British Educational Research Journal,
16(3)
,
273-296.
  Order from Publisher pdf download
Raven, J. (1989). Equity in diversity: The problems posed by values - and their resolution. In F. Macleod (Ed.), Families and Schools: Issues in Accountability and Parent Power, Falmer Press.    
Raven, J. (1989). Democracy, bureaucracy and the psychologist. The Psychologist,
2(11), November,
458-466.
The British Psychological Society   pdf download
Raven, J. (1989). Parents, Education and Schooling, British Journal of Educational Psychology. Monograph Series No.4 Early Childhood Education, Edited by Charles W. Desforges,
47-67.
Scottish Academic Press.   pdf download
Raven, J. (1989). Questionable Assumptions In Test Construction, Bulletin de la Comission Internationale des Tests,
28 & 29,
67-69.
    pdf download
Raven, J. (1988). Choice in a modern economy: New concepts of democracy and bureaucracy. In S. Maital (Ed.), Applied Behavioural Economics,
Vol. II ,
Wheatsheaf.    
Raven, J. (1988). A Critique of Sternberg's and Gardner's Concept of Multiple Intelligences       pdf download
Raven, J. (1988). Developing the talents and competencies of all our children. Gifted International,
5,
8-40.
    pdf download
Raven, J. (1988). Toward measures of high-level competencies: A re-examination of McClelland's distinction between needs and values. Human Relations,
41,

281-294.
The Tavistock Institute. Order from Publisher.  
Flynn, J.R. (1987). Massive IQ gains in 14 nations: What IQ tests really measure. Psychological Bulletin,
101,

171-191.
American Psychological Association. Order from Publisher.  
Raven, J. (1987). The Role of the Psychologist in the Modern Economy, Proceedings of the BPS/ESRC Conference on The Future Psychological Sciences,
119-140.
    pdf download
Raven, J. (1987). Values, diversity and cognitive development. Teachers’ College Record,
89
,
21-38.
Teachers' College Columbia University. Order from Publisher  
Raven, J., Johnstone, J. & Varley, T. (1985). Opening the Primary Classroom Book UK: Scottish Council for Research in Education. North Canada: Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto. Order from Publisher  
Raven, J. (1984). Competence in Modern Society: Its Identification, Development and Release Book Trillium Press. Order from Publisher  
Raven, J. and Varley, T. (1984). Some classrooms and their effects: A study of the feasibility of measuring some of the broader outcomes of education. Collected Original Resources in Education,
8(1), F4 G6.
     
Raven, J. (1983). The relationship between educational institutions and society with particular reference to the role of assessment. International Review of Applied Psychology,
42
,
249-274.
     
Raven, J. (1982). Educational Home Visiting and the growth of competence and confidence in adults and children. Curriculum Inquiry,
12,

87-105.
Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto. Order from Publisher  
Raven, J. (1981). The Most Important Problem in Education is to Come to Terms with Values, Oxford Review of Education,
7 (3),
253-272.
  Available via JSTOR on-line journal archive pdf download
Raven, J. (1980). Parents, Teachers and Children. Book

UK: Scottish Council for Research in Education.

Canada: Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto.

Order from Publisher  
Raven, J. (1980). Teetering on the brink of a totalitarian society? New Universities Quarterly,
34,
370-382.
    pdf download
Raven, J. (1977). Education, Values and Society: The Objectives of Education and the Nature and Development of Competence. Book

Oxford Psychologists Press.

Out of print but available from the author.

Order from Publisher  
Raven, J.  (1977). On the components of competence and their development in education. Teachers' College Record,
78,

457-475.
Teachers' College Columbia University Order from Publisher  
Raven, J.
(1977).
School Rejection and its Amelioration, Educational Research,
20 (1),
3-9.
.
.
pdf download
Raven, J. and Whelan, C.T. (1976). Irish adults' perceptions of their civic institutions. In J. Raven, C.T. Whelan, P.A. Pfretzschner and D.M. Borock, Political Culture in Ireland. Dublin: Institute of Public Administration.    
Spearman, C. (1924). Quotation from: "Some Issues in the Theory of g (Including the Law of Diminishing Returns)." Proceedings of the British Association for the Advancement of Science: Section J - Psychology,
174-181.
British Association for the Advancement of Science, Southampton, England   pdf download